Official papers

Official 2020 Paper 2 · Q16

Paper 2CalculusAlgebra

The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (FTC) tells us that for any polynomial ff:

ddx∫0xf(t) dt=f(x)\frac\dd{\dd x}\int_0^x f(t)\,\dd t=f(x)

A student calculates ddx∫x2xt2 dt\displaystyle\frac\dd{\dd x}\int_x^{2x}t^2\,\dd t as follows:

  • (I) ∫x2xt2 dt=∫02xt2 dt−∫0xt2 dt\displaystyle\int_x^{2x}t^2\,\dd t=\int_0^{2x}t^2\,\dd t-\int_0^x t^2\,\dd t
  • (II) By FTC, ddx∫0xt2 dt=x2\displaystyle\frac\dd{\dd x}\int_0^x t^2\,\dd t=x^2
  • (III) By FTC, ddx∫02xt2 dt=(2x)2=4x2\displaystyle\frac\dd{\dd x}\int_0^{2x}t^2\,\dd t=(2x)^2=4x^2
  • (IV) So ddx∫x2xt2 dt=4x2−x2\displaystyle\frac\dd{\dd x}\int_x^{2x}t^2\,\dd t=4x^2-x^2
  • (V) giving ddx∫x2xt2 dt=3x2\displaystyle\frac\dd{\dd x}\int_x^{2x}t^2\,\dd t=3x^2

Which of the following best describes the student's calculation?

AThe calculation is completely correct.
BThe calculation is incorrect, and the first error occurs on line (I).
CThe calculation is incorrect, and the first error occurs on line (II).
DThe calculation is incorrect, and the first error occurs on line (III).
EThe calculation is incorrect, and the first error occurs on line (IV).
FThe calculation is incorrect, and the first error occurs on line (V).

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